Linux Internals
Introduction to Linux
- GNU Project / GPL Licensing
- Evolution of Linux & Development Model
- Device Identities in Linux - Partitioning Schema
Introduction to Kernel
- History of Linux - Types of Kernel - The Linux kernel
- Kernel Architecture
Shell Commands & ShellScripting

- Basic Shell commands - Bash ShellEssentials
- Creating Makefiles
Creating Libraries
- Creating Static Library - Creating Shared Library
The Boot Process
- BIOS Level - Boot Loader - Setup, startup_32 functions
- The start_kernel() function
The File System
- Virtual Filesystem & its role
- Files associated with a process - System Calls
Process management
- Process Defined
- Process Descriptor Structures in the kernel
- Process States - Process Scheduling
- Process Creation - System calls related to process management
Memory Management
- Defining and Creating secondary memory areas
- Memory allocation & deallocation system calls malloc,calloc, alloca, free
- Demand Paging defined
- Process Organization in Memory
- Address Translation and page fault handling
- Virtual Memory Management
Multi-Thread Programming 
- Creating multiple threads
- Parent synchronization with other Threads
Inter-Process Communication
- Pipes, Fifo's, signals - System-V IPC's
- Message queues - Shared memory - Semaphores
Sockets
- An Overview
- System calls related to TCP and UDP sockets
Network Programming
- TCP Server-Client Programming
- UDP Server Client Programming
- Netlink socket interface
Programming & Debugging Tools
Tracing System: Callsltrace :- Tools used to detect memory access error and Memory leakage in Linux:
Tracing Library calls- Using gdb
mtracean dddd utilities
Core Dump Analysis etc
Lecture: Introduction to Embedded Linux and
- AT91RM9200
Lecture:
- Toolchain Components
- Building Toolchain
- Build Systems for compiling toolchain
Lab: Toolchain compilation and usage.
Lecture:
- Bootloader Architecture
- U-Boot Bootloader Porting on New Hardware.
- U-Boot Commands
Lab: Bootloader compilation and downloading on Targetboard.
- Bootloader commands and usage,
- Bootloader code customization, adding new Ethernet drivers toU-Boot.
Lab: Downloading pre-compiled Linux kernel images on Targetboard.
- Using SD-Card for rootfs.
- Configuring NFS and using rootfs over NFS.
- Configuring TFTP and downloading kernel image over TFTP.
Lecture: Linux Kernel Architecture.
Lecture: Linux Source code browsing & code changes for a new Target [ Porting]
Lab: Configuring and compiling LinuxKernel.
Lecture: Root file system.
Lab: Building Root file system with Busybox and booting the Linux kernel
Lab: Cross compilation of libraries for the target.
Lab: Application development and Cross compilation.
An introduction to device drivers
- Role of the Device Drivers
- Splitting the kernel
- Classes of devices and modules
- Kernel Architecture or Model
- kernel modules
Module Basics
 -Introduction to Modules & Device
- Modules Defined
- Types of Modules in the kernel
- Writing Your firstDriverskernelmodule
- Module RelatedCommands
- Kernel Module vs Applications
- User space vs Kernel space
- Statically linked vs Dynamicallylinkeddrivers/modules
- Exporting symbols from modules
- Concurrency in the kernel
- Module Parameters
- Version dependency
- Kernel Module Programming
- Lab exercises
The proc file system
- Creating proc file systementries
- Making read & write operations on proc entries
- Lab exercises
Character Device Drivers